Pasado Simple. Ejercicios y Teoría.

El past simple de la mayoría de los verbos regulares se forma añadiendo -ed al infinitivo sin to y es igual para todas las personas, incluyendo la tercera del singular. Los verbos irregulares no siguen ninguna regla para formar el pasado y algunos hasta tienen un past simple regular y otro irregular.

USOS

• Una acción o una serie de acciones ocurridas en el pasado. I saw a film last night.

• Una acción concreta que ocurrió mientras estaba en proceso otra acción más larga. She was walking to the cinema when she saw her friend.

EXERCISES

1. Complete the sentences with the pairs of verbs below. Use the Past simple affirmative.

• Vasco da Gama, a Portuguese explorer, ____________ (sail) from Portugal in 1497. He _____________ (reach) India in 1498.

• Ray Tomlimson ______________ (invent) e-mail in 1971. He ____________ (send) an e-mail to his friends to tell them.

• Peter Skyllberg ____________ (survive) for two month in his car after a snowstorm. He _____________ (eat) snow to stay alive!

• In Australia, a family dog called River ____________ (fight) a snake and _____________ (save) two young girls.

• In 2000, Prince William _____________ (volunteer) in Chile. He ___________ (teach) English in schools.

2. Put one of these verbs in each sentence:

Hurt teach       spend throw       fall      catch buy cost

• Tom’s father ___________ him how to drive when he was 17.

• Don ____________ down the stairs this morning and _________his leg.

• We needed some money, so we ____________our car.

• Ann _____________a lot of money yesterday. She __________ a dress that ____________$80.

• Jim _____________ the ball to Sue, who ____________it.

3. Write questions. A friend has just come back from vacation and you are asking about it.

• How long / stay there? ____________________________________

• Stay in a hotel? _________________________________________

• Go alone? _________________________________________

• How/ travel? ______________________________________________

• The weather / nice ? ______________________________________

• Meet any interesting people?______________________________

4. Put the verb into the correct form. Use the simple past.

• Tom _________________( not/go) to work yesterday because __________ (not/be) well.

• We ____________(not/eat) anything because we _____________(not/be) hungry.

• I ____________(not/rush) because I ___________(not/be) hungry.

• She ________________(not/be) interested in the book because she _____________ (not/understand) it.

5. Write the simple past forms of the verbs:
   

Drive _________

Eat __________

Give _________

Go __________

Know _________

Live __________

Play ___________

See ___________

Sing __________

Sit ___________

Study __________

Talk __________

Teach __________

Walk _________

Want __________

Teach ___________

Volunteer___________

Save ____________

Invent ______________

Send________________

Sail _________________

Reach_______________

Survive______________

Eat ________________

Go _______________

Fall _________________

Wait _______________

Have _______________

Improve_____________

Know ______________

Use _______________

Climb ______________

Fight_______________

6.      Complete the sentences. Use the past simple affirmative of the verbs in the box.

Dance go have      listen to   meet     phone   say   watch

• He _________ an old friend, Denise.

• Paul and Denise ___________ some excellent music.

• They ____________all night.

• Paul _____________his family at midnight.

• He ___________”Happy New Year!”.

• Paul and Denise __________ the sunrise.

• They _________ a really good time.

7. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in Past Simple.

• On 26th April 2003, Aron Ralston _____________(go) hiking in Bluejohn Canyon in the USA.

• A 360 – kilogram rock _____________(fall) on his arm.

• Ralston ___________(wait) for many hours, but there _____________(not be) any people around to help him.

• He __________________(be) hungry and thirsty because he _____________(not have) much food or water.

• His condition _____________(not improve) and he ______________(not know) how to scape.

•  After five days, he _________________(use) his knife to cut off his own arm!

• With only one arm, Ralston ____________(climb) out of the canyon and ___________(survive) his terrible accident!

8. Put the words in the correct order.

• Did/ when / go / ? / you

• Go / did / with your parents / ? / you

• To the museum? / your dad / did / drive

• You / did / see /anything interesting?

• Did/ how long / stay? / you

• Leave? / did / you/ what time

• You / like / did/ it?

• Buy?/ what / you / did 

9. Complete the sentences using the verbs in the box and the past Simple.

Take feel have put see  say make  leave steal

• Somebody _____________Dan’s bag.

• Dan ___________ embarrassed.

• John came into the classroom. He _____________ TWO bags.

• Dan __________ his bag on the desk.

• Dan returned and ____________ his bag wasn’t on the desk.

• John ___________, “Hi Dan, ______________ a mistake. Our bags are the same and I took yours. Sorry!

• He ________________ the classroom.

• Dan said, “Where is my bag? Who ____________my bag?”

10. Complete the text with the verbs in brackets. Use the correct form of the Past Simple.

The first Newspaper

How  ____________ people ____________ (get) news before the invention of the newspaper? ________________ they _______________(hear) the news in other ways? Thousands of years ago, many people never ______________(go) to school, so they __________________(know) how to read or write. They ____________(meet) on the streets or in the center of town and they ____________(tell) each other about the news. Then, in 59 BC, the Romans _____________(create) the first newspaper, but they _____________(sell) it to people. They ____________ (put) it in different places around town. People _____________(read) the newspaper at those places and ______________(learn) about battle and other important news of the day.

SOLUCIONES

Presente Simple Vs Presente Continuo

Present Continuous (I am doing)	Present Simple ( I do)
Use the present continuous: Talk about something that is happening at or close to the time of speaking. For a temporary situation.	Use the present simple: To talk about things in general or things that happen repeatedly. For a permanent situation.

• El Presente Simple expresa hábitos, mientras que el Present Continuous indica lo que está ocurriendo en el momento de hablar.
• Ejemplo: I usually study at home, but today I'm studying at my friend's house. (Normalmente estudio en casa, pero hoy estoy estudiando en casa de mi amigo.)

• Los Verbos "Estáticos": Se utilizan para expresar gustos, sentimientos y deseos, actividades de la mente, posesión y percepción. Se refieren a estados en lugar de a acciones, por lo que NO se puede usar el Present Continuous.
• Ejemplo: She likes the film. (A ella le gusta la película)
• Ejemplo: I don't know the answer. (No sé la respuesta)

• Listado de verbos estáticos: Want, need, prefer, have, like, love, hate, belong, see, hear, know, realize, belive, suppose, mean, understand, remember, forget, seem.

 EXERCISES

1. Decide whether the verbs in these sentences are right or wrong. Correct the ones that are wrong.

• I don’t know your telephone number.
• Please don’t make so much noise. I study.
• Look! Somebody is climbing that tree over there.
• Can you hear those people? What do they talk about?
• Are you believing in God?
• Look! That man tries to open the door of your car.
• The moon goes around the earth.
• What are you thinking about my idea?
• The government is worried because the number of people without jobs is increasing.
• I’m usually going to work by car.

2. Put the verb in the correct form, present continuous or present simple:

• I ___________(not/belong) to a political party.
• Hurry! The bus ___________(come). I __________(not/want) to miss it.
• The Nile River ___________ (flow) into the Mediterranean.
• The river ____________(flow)very fast today – much faster than usual.
• We usually __________(grow) vegetables in our garden, but this year we __________(not/grow) any.
• Can you drive? No, but I ____________(learn).
• You can borrow my umbrella.It ______________(rain) now.
• George says he’s 80 years old, but I ___________(not/believe) him.
• Ron is in San Francisco now. He __________(stay) at the Hilton Hotel. He usually _____________(stay) at the Hilton Hotel when he’s in San Francisco.
• My parents ________(live) in Winnipeg. They were born there and have never live anywhere else.
• She __________(stay) with her sister until she finds somewhere else to live.

3. Choose the correct answer.

• When he comes / is coming, I’ll go.
• They shop / are shopping at the moment.
• The earth is / is being round, not flat.
• She talks /is talking to him on the phone every day.
• Do you know that I learn / I’m learning Chinese.

4. Choose the correct time expression:

• We are listening to music every day / at the moment.
• An astronomer looks at the stars at night / today.
• I use my telescope this minute / once a week.
• The planets move around the sun right now/ all the time.
• We are reading about aliens now/ on Wednesdays.
• John goes to an astronomy class every week / now.

5. Complete the sentences using the Present Simple or Present Continuous:

• Usually, Sally _________(wear) black clothes, but today she ________(wear) red.
• My parents never __________(watch) space adventure films.
• We ____________(read) a Shakespeare play in English class this month.
• The stars __________(shine) very brightly tonight.
• Strange things __________(happen) at night.
• Help! A UFO _____________(fly) towards me!

6. Write questions with the words below. Use Present Simple or Present Continuous.

• Day/studies/Ingrid/every/English______________________________________
• Project/working/is/Ben/on/space/his/in_________________________________
• Now/you/are/watching/TV/? _________________________________________
• Sky/astronomers/watch/night/the/at____________________________________
• Moment/we/listening/are/music/to/the/at/_______________________________
• Films/he/often/watch/scary/does/?_____________________________________

7. Make sentences with the words below. Write the verbs in the correct Present Simple or Present continuous.

The girls I The boy My friends Steve

Sometimes Never Often Always

Study See Watch Play Eat Dance

At a disco Pizza A film TV English football

Now Every week On Mondays At the moment Every day Right now

• __________________________________________
• __________________________________________
• __________________________________________
• __________________________________________
• __________________________________________

8. Write sentences. Use the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs.

• Rajit /not work/ today.  ____________________________
• Rajit/ go/ with Leila to see the models. _________________________
• They / think / about the interview. ___________________________
• Leila /not write/ for the magazine every week. ________________________
• Rajit’s father /sell/ clothes. ____________________________
• They all / enjoy/ their jobs. __________________________________

9. Circle the correct form of the verbs.

Rajit and Leila are young designers. They design / are designing clothes. At the weekends Rajit helps / is helping in his father clothes shop. Leila also works / is working for a magazine. She’s a reporter and she writes / is writing articles for the magazine. She doesn’t design / isn’t designing clothes today because she and Rajit visit / are visiting two models. Leila writes / is writing an article about them.

10/ Complete the sentences about Meg and Robert. Use the present simple or present continuous.

Buy     listen     play     read     tidy

• Diana __________ a lot of books.
• She sometimes ___________ to romantic music.
• Robert ___________ football at the moment.
• Meg ____________ a CD.
• She __________ magazines right now.
• She _____________ her room every day.

SOLUCIONES

Presente Continuo. Teoría y ejercicios.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS (I AM DOING)
AFFIRMATIVE	NEGATIVE	INTERROGATIVE
I am playing You are playing He is playing She is playing It is playing We are playing You are playing They are playing	I am not playing You aren’t playing He isn’t playing She isn’t playing It isn’t playing We aren’t playing You aren’t playing They aren’t playing	Am I playing? Are you playing? Is he playing? Is she playing? Is it playing? Are we playing? Are you playing? Are they playing?

Uso: Expresa lo que está ocurriendo en el momento de hablar o en el periodo de tiempo presente.

• Afirmativa: Sujeto + am / is / are + un verbo terminado en -ing.
• Ejemplo: He is visiting the house (Él está visitando la casa).
• Reglas ortográficas para escribirlo: 
• Si acaba en e muda, se pierde la e: live - living.
• Si es de 1 sílaba y acaba en 1 vocal + 1 consonante que no sea w, x o y, se dobla esta consonante: run - running.
• Si es de 2 sílabas y tiene el acento en la última, se dobla la última consonante: refer - referring.
• Si acaba en l, se dobla esa letra: travel - traveling.
• Si acaba en ie, se cambia ie por una y: lie - lying.

• Negativa: Sujeto + am / is / are + la partícula not o la contracción n't (que se puede añadir a is y a are, pero no a am) + un verbo terminado en -ing. En conversación suele usarse la forma contraída. 
• Ejemplo: We aren't driving my car. (No estamos conduciendo mi coche).

• Interrogativa: Am / is / are + sujeto + un verbo terminado en -ing.
• Ejemplo: Is she sleeping at the moment? (¿Ella está durmiendo en este momento?) 

• Respuestas Breves: Se pone el pronombre personal sujeto + verbo to be, sin contraer en afirmativa o contraído en negativa.
• Ejemplo: Are you walking in the forest? Yes, I am. No, I'm not. (¿Estás andado por el bosque? Si. / No)

• Usos del Presente Continuo: Se suele usar para describir fotos, ya que se habla de la escena como si fuera algo que está ocurriendo ahora.
• Ejemplo: In the photo, there is a man. He is sitting on a chair. (En la foto hay un hombre. Está sentado en una silla)

• Expresiones Temporales: Todas pueden ir al principio o al final de la frase, pero se suelen poner al final.
• Ejemplo: I am buying a bus ticket now. ( Estoy comprando un billete de autobús ahora)
• Now (Ahora)
• At the moment  (En este momento)
• Right now ( Justo ahora)
• Today (Hoy)
• These days (Hoy en día)
• This week (Esta semana)

EXERCISES

1. Put the verbs into the correct form.

• Please don’t make so much noise. I  _________(study).
• Please be quiet. I ____________(try) to concentrate.
• Look! It ___________(snow).
• Why ____________(you/look) at the time that? Did I say something wrong?
• You ___________(make) a lot of noise. Can you be a little bit quieter?
• Excuse me, I ______________(look) for a phone booth. Is there one near here?
• Listen! They ___________(yell) at each other again.
• Why ____________(you/wear) your coat today? It’s very warm.
• I __________(not work) this week. I’m on vacation.
• I want to lose weight. I ___________ (not/ eat) anything today.

2. Complete sentences using one of these verbs:

Get     become     change     rise     improve     fall     increase

• The population of the world __________very fast.
• He is still sick, but he ___________ at the moment.
• These days food _________ more and more expensive.
• The world __________. Things never stay the same.
• The cost of living _________. Every year things are more expensive.
• George has gone to work in Spain. At first, his Spanish wasn’t very good, but now it ____________.
• The economic situation is already very bad, and it ________ worse.

3. Read this conversation between Brian and Steve. Put each verb into the correct form.

Brian and Steve meet in a restaurant.

Brian: Hello, Steve. I haven’t seen you for ages. What ___________(you/do) these days?

Steve: I __________(work) in a department store.

Brian: Really? ________ (you/enjoy) it?

Steve: Yeah, it’s OK. How about you?

Brian: Well, I ___________(not/work) at the moment, but I’m very busy. I__________(build) a house.

Steve: Really? ___________ (you/do) it alone?

Brian: No, some friends of mine __________(help) me.

4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below. Use the Present Continuous

Read    look     fly     listen     not play    not learn

• The astronauts__________in their spaceship.
• We __________ to music at the moment.
• He____________football today.
• They ______________French this year.
• She _______________ a book about stars.
• I ____________ at the stars now.

5. Choose the correct answer.

• Some people is looking/ are looking at the spaceship.
• Ben is writing/am writing a project about astronomy.
• I is waiting/am waiting to see an alien.
• We am not standing/aren’t standing on a spaceship.
• Are you looking/is you looking at the stars or the moon?
• The sun isn’t shinning/ aren’t shining at the moment.

6. Write the words in the correct order to make questions.

• Raining/it/is  _______________________________________
• TV/watching/they/are ______________________________
• He/reading/is/book/a ___________________________________
• We/walking/are/school/to ______________________________
• Bus/the/she/is/sitting/on _____________________________

7. Answer the questions below. Use short answers. Make answers true for you:

• ______________________________
• ______________________________
• ______________________________
• ______________________________
• ______________________________

8. Complete the sentences. Use the present continuous form of the verbs in brackets.

• Jo and Sam ______________(wear) hats.
• Chris ______________(listen) to music.
• Chris and Jo____________ (drink) juice.
• Sam ______________ (not listen) to music.
• Chris and Bobby ____________(not study) Maths.
• Bobby _____________(not wear) a T-shirt.
• Jo ____________(read) a book.

9. Complete the dialogue. Use the present continuous form of the verbs in brakets.

Look     watch     not play     try     not read    do     win

• Jill: Hi, Des _____________ tennis on TV?
• Des: Yes, I am. Hingis  __________ 5-4, but she __________ a good game. ___________ your Maths homeworks?
• Jill: No, I’m not. I ___________ to do puzzle. It’s called People Puzzle. It’s really difficult.
• Des: I know that puzzle. It’s easy!
• Jill: Which boy is Sam? __________ he ______________ at the magazine?
• Des: no, Sam __________ a magazine – and Sam is a girl.

10. Write logical sentences with the words below. Use the Present Continuous affirmative or negative.

• the swimmers / wear / goggles  ____________________
• I / surf / on a mountain / right now  ____________________
• the bat / fly / near the apple tree  ____________________
• Tim / buy / a magazine / at a library  ____________________
• you / have / a shower / at the café / at the moment  ____________________
• Shelly / sit / on the rug / in her bedroom  ____________________

SOLUCIONES